Carbonating apparatus.



N0. 636,!62. Patented Oct. 3|, I899.

E. E. MURPHY. GARBONATING APPABATUS..

(Application filed Oct. 7, 1897.) A

7 Sheets-Sheet (No Model.)

N0. 636,l62. Patented on. 3|, I899. E. E. MURPHY.

GABBDNATING APPARATUS.

(Application filed oer" '1, 1897.)

7 Sheets-Sheet 2.

No.'636,l62. E E MURPHY Patented Oct. 3|, I899.

CARBUNATING APPARATUS.

(Application filed Oct. '7, 1897.) (No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 3.

N\/ENTEIRZ No. 636,l62.

(No Model.)

Patented Oct. 3|, I899. E. E. MURPHY.

CARBONATING APPARATUS.

(Application filed Oct. 7, 1897.)

7 Sheets-Sheet 4.

N0. 636,!62. Patented Oct. 3|, 1899. E. E. MURPHY. GARBONATING APPARATUS.

(Application filed Oct. 7, 1897.)

7 Shaets-Sheet 5.

(No Model.)

INVENTEIR: \X/ITNEIEIEESI C No. 636,|62. Patented Oct. 3|, I899. E. E. MURPHY.

GARBUNATING APPARATUS.

{Application filed Oct. 7, 1897.)

7 Sheets-Sheet 8.

WITNESEEEI INVENTUR:

N0. 636,l62. Patented 001:. 3|, I899. E. E. MURPHY.

GARBONATING APPARATUS.

(Application filed Oct. 7, 1897.) (No Model.) 7 Shpats8heet 7,

\X/lTNESEES; v \NVENTUR EDWARD n. MURPHY, or nosron, MAssAonUsErs, Assienon, nr MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE NEV ERA TOWN, WEST VIRGINIA.

OARBONATOR COMPANY, OF CIIARLFL- CARBONATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.

636,162, dated October 31,1899.

Application filed October 7,1897. serai'raeaests. KNomofleL) To a 1117:0111 it 'nmy concern;

Be it known that I, EDWARD E. llIURPHY, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of l\lassacln1setts,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Garbonating Apparatus,of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for carbonating water and other liquids; audit has for its objectto provide a simple and efficient [O antomatically-operating apparatus in which a thorough mechanical commingling or combination of the gas and liquid is elfected and is controlled by the accumulation of carbonated liquid, so that when a sufficient quantity i 5 has accumulated the operation ceases and starts again when the supply is reduced, and in which a single automatically-acting pump supplies liquid to two or more carbonatingchambers in which different pressures are maintained and from which the accumulated liquid may be drawn at the same time for different purposes, such as charging a sodawater fountain and filling bottles.

Other objects of the invention are to provide other improvements in a carbonating apparatus, whereby it is rendered entirely automatic, so as to require no attention, and

whereby it is rendered more highly eflicient than heretofore.

To these ends the invention consists in the improvements which are clearly illustrated upon the drawings and which are hereinafter fully described, and set forth in detail in the appended claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings,and to the letters and figures marked thereon, forming a part of this specification, the same lettersand figures designating the same parts or features, as the case may be, wherever they occur.

Of the drawings, Figurel represents in front elevation a carbonating apparatus equipped with my improvements. Fig. 2 represents a rear elevation of the same. Fig. 3

represents a longitudinal vertical section of that part of the carbonating apparatus in which the liquid is commingled with the gas. Fig. 4. represents a transverse vertical section through the same. Fig. 5represents a :o transverse horizontal section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 3. Figs. 6 and 7 represent the regulating mechanism for the steam-pump. Fig. 8 represents an injector for forcing the surplus gas from a soda-water tank or fountain which is to be refilled into the liquid-supply for the pump. Figs. 9, 10, 11, and 12 illustrate anotherembodiment of a portion of the invention.

Referring to the drawings, and more particularly to Figs. 1 to 8, a indicates the base of the apparatus, upon which is supported the steam-pump of any preferred pattern, such as the Mason or the Blake pump.

a indicates the steam-cylinder, and a the steam-chest, containing the valve mechan ism.

The pumping-cylinder a is provided with the dome a", from which the liquid is conducted to the carbonating apparatus through a main supply water or liquid pipe I), steam being supplied to the engine from a boiler conveniently located and liquid being supplied to the pumping-cylinder from any desired source. r

The engine is provided with a regulator, indicated as a whole at a, connected with the liquid-dome a by a pipe a. The said regulator is placed in the steam-pipe leading from the boiler to the pump, the steam-inlet being indicated at 2. The steam from the boiler enters the duct 3 and passes through the port 4, which is kept open by the spring 5, to the duct 6 to the under side of the differential piston 7 and raises the valve 8 to open the port 9, through which the steam passes to the pump. This starts the pump, which continues to force liquid into the dome and pipe Z1 until the desired pressureis reached, whereupon the liquid flowing through the pipe (1. enters the inlet 10 to the chamber 11 below the diaphragm 12, raises the latter, and closes the port 4. By closing this valve the boilerpressure is shut off through the passage or duct 6 from the differential piston 7, and the steam-pressure immediately closes the main 5 valve 8, and no more steam is admitted to the pump, the latter remaining inactive until the water-pressure in the dome drops below the normal.

' Supported upon standards a a arising 10o the caps or end pieces 0', formed the flow of cap-plate c from the base of the frame, is. placed a platform a to receive and support two carbonating apparatuses, each comprising a receptacle 0 for the carbonated liquid, which is the product of the apparatus to be described. Each receptacle or reservoir is provided with a suitable outlet 0', through which the carbonated liquid may be drawn off for use, and is surmounted by a dome 0 in turn surmounted by a carbonating-chamber 0 in which the gas and liquid are mechanically combined.

The upper portion of the chamber 0 is formed on the dome 0 while the lower portion is within the dome and is formed by screwing the upper ends of two tubes 0 0 into openings formed in a partition 0 separating the dome and the chamber. The-said dome and chamber are elliptical in horizontal crosssection, as shown in Fig. 5, to receive the two tubes 0 c, which are placed side by side, as shown in Fig. 3.

Upon the upper portion of the chamber a is bolted or otherwise secured the cap-plate 0 formed with a liquid duct or inlet 0 and with a gas-inlet c and the tubes 0 c are formed at their lower edges with threads to receive with apertures 0 through which the carbonated liquid finds outlet. Both the inlets c c are connected to the pipe 0, from which the gas is supplied from a suitable flask or generator. (Not shown.) Within each chamber 0 are placed means for eifecting a thorough me chanical combination between the gas and liquid admitted through the inlets c Projecting down into the chamber 0 are two nozzles d 01, provided at their lower ends with numerous small diverging perforations L1 to deliver the liquid in diverging small streams, said nozzles being arranged in the upper contracted necks d of chambers or casings 01 (1 as shown more particularly in Fig. 3. These perforations (Z discharge the liquid in diverging jets or streams separate from each other for the purpose of inducing a greater volume of gas and preventing the water from issuing from the nozzle in a solid stream. If, on the other hand, the perforations were straight, the jets or streams of water issuing from the nozzle under pressure would tend to mingle in one solid stream, which would not be as effectual in inducing gas and would also interfere with the minute subdivision of the liquid passing through the metallic sponge (i The upper ends of the necks d of the chambers ol are threaded and screwed in to the top and they are provided with orifices d communicating with the interior of the chamber c and receiving the gas that enters therein from the pipe a There is an annular space between each nozzle (1 and the neck d, and the lower end of each nozzle is below the gas-admittin g orifices d so that the nozzles act as injectors to facilitate the passage of the gas into the casings d d In each nozzle d is placed a strainer d to strain the liquid before it passes into the easing (1 The top platec is provided with apertures located above the nozzles d, inclosed by removable threaded plugs d, which are apertured, as at (1 and are screwed down against the nozzles and the upper end of the necks d to hold them in place. By removing the plugs the strainers and the nozzles may be easily removed and cleansed.

In each casing d is placed a metallic sponge (i com posed of aseries of layers of wire-cloth, through which the gas and liquid pass downwardly and by which the liquid is minutely divided to facilitate the mechanical combination of the gas and liquid. The mixture of liquid and gas is discharged through apertures in the perforated bottom (1 of each casing 01 into one of the tubes 0 and passes through another metallic sponge d" placed in the tube. The water thus charged is so churned and agitated by passing through the wire sponges d" in the tubes 0 that it gives up its excess of gas, which is discharged with it into the reservoir or receptacle through the perforated bottoms o of the said tubes. The liquid under pressure entering through the nozzle draws in more gas than is required for the mechanical combination of the water and gas in proper proportions, and the excess of the gas is carried in suspension by the force of the water to the second sponge, where it is liberated by churning through said sponge. This would cause the pressure in the reservoir to be greater than that in the carbonating-chamber, and hence means must be provided for equalizing it. I provide an equalizing-tube e, (shown more particularly in Fig. 4,) extending through the partition 0 from a point near the lower end of the tubes 0' to a point near the top plate 0 and above the upper ends of the tubes. The lower end of the tube 6 is connected to a cross-piece a, connecting the tubes 0' c, and it is arranged between said tubes. By means of this tube e the excess of gas escapes from the reservoir into the chamber 0 and gas is delivered in the upper portion of the chamber, near the nozzles.

Liquid is supplied to each of the inlets c from the pipe 1), before referred to, said pipe having two branches b b connected with valve-casings b each having a flange-plate 0 by which it is attached to the wall of the chambers 0 From each valve-casing b the liquid passes, through pipes b 12 to the ducts or inlets 0 A coupling 0 is arranged between each pipe I) and the inlet 0 and 00mmunicates with a casing 17", having a thermometer b to indicate the temperature of the water in the supply-pipe. From each valvecasing 12 extends a lever f into the chamber 0 and has its free end connected by a rod f with a ball or float f in the reservoir or receptacle c, said rod f projecting through a guide f supported by the partition 0 and the cross-bar 6 between the tubes c.

\Vhen the carbonated liquid has accumulated sulliciently in either of the reservoirs c to raise the float f therein, the valve is closed in the casing b and the supply of liquid to that reservoir or receptacle is cut off without affecting the supply of water to the other reservoir or receptacle.

Any preferred form of check-valve may be employed, asuitable construction being illustrated in Fig. i, in which is a main valve formed to close a seat through which liquid passes from the pipe I) (or IR) to the pipe I) and normally held against its seat by the spring 0;, aided by water-pressure on the upper side of the piston .r on the stem of the valve :0. The piston tits the casing somewhat loosely, so that water can pass from the pipe I) (or b) to a chamber x in the upper portion of said casing.

is an auxiliary valve supported by the lever f, adapted to close the outlet a leading from the chamber .1, so that when the float ascends by the accumulation of the carbonated liquid the valve .1 closes the outlet [B6, and the accumulation of liquid in the chamber 83, in connection with the spring .12, closes the outlet into the pipe b When the float descends, the auxiliary valve opens the outlet x, whereupon the liquid that flows around the piston .1 escapes int-o the chamber-0 relieving the pressure above the piston 00 so that the pressure from below the upper part of said piston raises it and opens the valve. Thus when the carbonated liquid has accumulated sufficiently in either of the reservoirs c to raise the float f therein the valve is closed in the chamber b and the supply of liquid to that reservoir or receptacle is out OK without affecting the supply of water to the other reservoir or receptacle.

The float f as shown in Fig. 3, is of the following construction: The metallic shell is formed in two semispherical or concavo-convex portions f f, overlapping at their meeting edges and solderedor otherwise secured together, so as to be proof against the entrance of liquid. \Vithin the shell is a solid bodyf, of wood, compressed paper, cork, or other material of a specific gravity less than that of water, so that it will float, and passing diametrically therethrough and through the portions of the casing is the rod f, threaded on its ends to engage the internal threads in projecting annular flanges ff on the said portions of the shell. When the parts are all secured in place, the rod f is soldered to the said annular flanges and the shell is rendered water-tight. A float constructed in this way is capable of withstanding a very high external pressure without danger of collapsing, is light enough for the purposes for which it is intended, and is cheap'and easily made.

The pressure of the water delivered to'that one of the reservoirs in which the greatest pressure is maintained is regulated by the regulator a there beinga reducing-Valve 11 in the branch b for the other reservoir, so that water may be admitted to the two cylinders c cunder dit'ferentpresstu-es. Cut-olf valves g g are provided for each reservoir, as shown. Between the pipe 0 and each of the gas-inlets c are placed regulators h It, so that the pressure of gas admitted to the carbonating-chambers may be varied as desired, the pressure in the receptacles being indicated by the gages 1111, couununicating with the interior of the domes c by elbows i 'i'. Blow-oft valves 7; L are provided for each dome 0 so as to remove the air, and the valves may be adjusted so that they will yield and permit the escape of 7 air at any desired pressure.

Now from the foregoing it will be seen that the single pump supplies the liquid under proper pressure to the carbonating-chambers and that the gas may be supplied to said chambers under different pressures, so that in one chamber a pressure of, say, one hundred and eighty pounds is maintained, while in the other a pressure of sixty pounds is maintained. Thus while the two carbonating apparatuses are practically independent of each other, yet they are both fed from the same sources of supply, the gas and liquid being supplied to each automatically at the desired pressure and in the desired amount. Hence carbonated liquid may be drawn from one of the receptacles for the purpose of charging a fountain and may be drawn from the other receptacle for filling bottles or for any other desired purpose.

In case the pressure of theliquid increases slightly above the normal the steam is cut off from the pump by means of the regulator a and the pump ceases to act until the proper pressure is restored, after which it begins again to force the liquid into the carbonatingchambers. The gas is supplied to both chambers from the same flask or generator, the supply to each chamber being controlled by an independent regulator, which permits the gas to enter under any desired pressure.

The outlet 0 of the high-pressure reservoir 0 is connected by a pipe Z to a coupling m, from which extends a pipe n, as shown in Fig. 1, in which is placed a cut-off valve a. A pipe I, having therein a cut-off valve Z extends from the carbonatin gchamber 0 to the coupling m and is provided with a pressuregage Z between the valve and the coupling. Another pipe 0, having a cut-ofif valve 0, connects the coupling with an inspirator or injector 1), arranged in the liquid-supply pipe 0, The end of the said pipe is connected by a union-coupling with a nozzle 0 which extends into a chamber or casing 0 in the said supply-pipe and which is formed with fine perforations in its end, as shown. The casing is perforated at its end and at points between the ends of the nozzle and is constructed to receive a wire sponge 0 consisting of disks or layers of wire-cloth. A thermometer q is connected with the coupling m, and the mercury-bulb is arranged so as to be in contact with the contents thereof.

The purpose of the construction as described is as follows: In recharging a fountain the pipe a is connected thereunto, as by a hose-pipe, and the valve 11 is opened. This allows the gas in the fountain to flow into the coupling m, and the prcssu re thereof is indicated by the gage I. If there be an excess of gas, the valve 0 is opened and the gas passes through the inspirator into the liquidsupply pipe (1. into the pump. The nozzle acts as an injector to draw the liquid into contaetwit-h the gas, and the two are so thoroughly combined and commingled by the wire sponge as not to interfere with the working of the pump. This I prefer to do instead of discharging the gas into the open air and wasting it, since it is then forced back into the carbonat-ing-chambers and is saved. If, however, on reading the gage, it is found that the pressure in the fountain is below the normal, the valve Z is opened and gas is forced thereinto from the carbonating chamber. Then closing the valves 0' and 1 the valve 1 is opened and carbonated liquid is introduced into the fountain until the desired amount is charged therein, as evidenced by the gage, and the valves Z and a are closed. The thermometer qshows the temperature of the carbonated liquid, so that the operator is enabled to determine the limit of pressure in the fountain.

If desired, the other outlet 0 may be provided with a similarly-arranged set of pipes, although I prefer in most cases to employ the other reservoir for other purposes in which a high pressure is not necessary.

I have illustrated in Figs. 9 to 12 another apparatus in which a portion of my invention is embodied. In this apparatus I employ a single reservoir 0, having a dome 1" and a carbonating-chamber T The lower portion of the chamber is formed by the tube or cylinder r havinga perforated bottom 1", and its upper end in threaded engagement with the outer wall of the upper portion of said chamber. The upper end of the carbonating-chamber is closed by a cap r having a liquid duct or inlet 1' and a gas-inlet 1". The casing r, nozzle 9', with diverging perforations 0' strainer 0- and nut r are similar to those hereinbefore described. The receptacle or reservoir is fitted with a manually-operated blow-off s and with an outlets for the carbonated liquid, as shown in Fig. 12. A pipe i connects the interior of the reservoir with the upper portion of the carbonating-chamber for the purpose of equalizing the pressure therein. Instead of an automatically-acting pump I have illustrated a hand-pump u, in which the piston is operated through the medium of a hand-wheel u, gearing n ufia pitman u, and connectingrods a for the purpose of supplying liquid through the pipe a to the liquid-inlet r Gas is supplied through the pipe 1; from a generator or flask, therebeing mechanism at o for regulating the pressure at which it is admitted, such pressure being evidenced by the gage 1*. Another gage is illustrated at w fer showing the pressure in the carbonating-chamber and reservoir.

It is evident from the foregoing that numerous changes and variations maybe made in the described apparatuses without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention and that parts of the said invention may be used independently of each other.

Having thus explained the nature of my i11- vent-ion and described a way of constructing and using the same, though without attempting to set forth all of the forms in which it maybe made or all the modes of its use, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. An apparatus of the charaeterspecilied, comprising a receptacle for the carbonated liquid, at carbonating-ehamber separated from the receptacle by a partition, and having one or more injector-nozzles connected with a liquid-supplyinlet,a gas-inlet, and two or more tubes projecting down into the receptacle and secured in apertures in the partition, said tubes having means therein for commingling gas and liquid.

2. An apparatus of the character specified, comprising a receptacle for the carbonated liquid, a carbonating-chamber above the receptacle, a liquid-inlet, a gas-inlet, casings in said chamber communicating with said liquid-inlet, and having means therein for commingling gas and liquid, and tubes each arranged below one of said casings, and having means therein for further commingling the gas and liquid.

3. An apparatus of the characterspecified, comprisinga reservoir having an outlet, a carbonating-eham ber communicatingtherewith, and having a gas and liquid inlet, means in said chamber for comminglinggas and liquid, a pump for supplying liquid to the said liquid-inlet of the earbonating-chamber, a liquid-duct leading from the outlet of the reservoir, a gas-duct leading from the carbonatingchamber, and communicating with the liquidduct, an inspirator connected with said ducts and located in the liquid-inlet of the pump, and a pipe communicating with said ducts and inspirator, and adapted to be connected to a fountain, substantially for the purpose set forth.

4. An apparatus of the character specified, comprising a reservoir or casing having a gasinlet, a liquid-inlet, a strainer for said liquid, a chamber in said casing connected with the liquid-inlet and having gas-supply openings, a gas-inducing supply-nozzle provided with diverging outlet-perforations and located in said chamber whereby gas is drawn from said easing into said chamber through said gassupply openings by the liquid from said nozzle, and means within said chamber for mechanically combining the gas and liquid.

5. An apparatus of the character specified, comprising a reservoir or casin g having a gasinlet, a liquid-inlet, a chamber in said casing connected with the liquid-inlet and having gas-supply openings, a gas-inducing liquid-supply nozzle provided with diverging outlet-perforations and located in said chamber whereby gas is drawn from said easing into said chamber through said gas-supply openings by the liquid from said nozzle, a strainer for the liquid located in said nozzle, and means within said chamber for mechanically combining the gas and liquid.

6. An apparatus of the character specified, comprising a reservoir or casing having a gasinlet, a liquid-inlet, a chamber in said casing having a tubular neck provided with gassupply openings and connected with the liquid-inlet, a gas-inducing liquid-supply nozzle provided with diverging outlet-perforations and located in said neck whereby gas is drawn from said easing into said chamber through said gas-supply openings by theliquid from said nozzle, and means within said chamber for mechanically combining the gas and liquid.

7. An apparatus of the character specified, comprising a reservoir or casing having a gasinlet, a liquid-inlet, a chamber in said casing connected with the liquid-inlet and having gas-supply openings, a gas-inducing liquidsupply nozzle located in said chamber whereby gas is drawn from said casing into said chamber through said gas-su pply openings by the liquid from said nozzle, and a strainer for the liquid located in said nozzle.

8. An apparatus of the character specified, comprising a reservoir or casing having a-gasinlet, a liquid-inlet, a chamber in said casing connected with the liquid-inlet and having gas-supply openings, a gas-inducing liquid-- supply nozzle located in said chamber whereby gas is drawn from said easing into said chamber through said gas-supply openings by the liquid from said nozzle, a strainer for the liquid located in said nozzle, and means withto-the nozzle for subdividing and mechanin said chamber for mechanically combining the gas and liquid.

9. An apparatus of the character specified, comprising a reservoir or casing having a gasinlet, a liquid-inlet, a chamber in said casing connected with the liquid-inlet and having gas-supply openings, a gas-inducing liquidsupply nozzle located in said chamber whereby gas is drawn from said casing into said chamber through said gas-supply openings by the liquid from said nozzle, a strainer for the liquid located in said nozzle and means for mechanically combining the gas and liquid.

10. An apparatus of the character specified comprising a reservoir or casing, a gas-inlet, a liquid-inlet, a chamber opening into said reservoir and connected with the liquid-inlet, a gas-inducing liquid-supply nozzle provided with diverging outlet-perforations whereby gas is drawn into said chamber by the liquid from said nozzle, and a wire sponge adjacent 5 ically combining the gas and liquid.

11. An apparatus of the character specified comprising a reservoir or casing, a gas-inlet, a liquid-inlet, a chamber opening into said reservoir and connected with the liquid-inlet, a gas-inducing liquid-supply nozzle provided with diverging outlet-perforations whereby gas is drawn into said chamber by the liquid from said nozzle, a wire sponge adjacent to the nozzle for subdividing and mechanically combining the gas and liquid, and additional subdividing means extending across the reservoir below said wire sponge.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 22d day of September, A. D. 1897.

. EDWARD E. MURPHY.

Witnesses:

' O. A. STEWART,

A. L- Museum 

